California - The astronomers have found several globular Clusters in the deep space and they are presumed to be older than the life of the Universe.

According to a research work, "when we use Eq. (3) to estimate the age of the universe we get an answer of about 10 billion years. Unfortunately, this is less than the age of the oldest stars found in globular clusters, like M13". http://www.physics.fsu.edu/users/ProsperH/AST3033/age.htm

If we take the globular clusters like M13, its age appears to be older than the age of the Universe, however it is a controversial matter and has questioned the validity of the Big Bang Theory.

Some scientists have suggested that the big bang idea is wrong and should be abandoned. They also feel that Hubble's constant is an error. Or perhaps there is some other missing ingredients.

In view of the above controversy, I contacted Dr. Raj Baldev, noted Cosmo-theorist from India to shed some light on Big Bang Theory, its flaws and accuracy and also some facts about his own theory of Parent Universe (TOPU) or the theory of Two Big Bangs.

Dr. Raj Baldev first explained the backgroundof the Big Bang Theory followed by his Theory of Parent Universe (TOPU) or Theory of Two Big Bangs:

Brief background of the Big Bang Theory 

Dr. Raj Baldev explained, "A Belgian theoretical astronomer, George  Lemaitre proposed that the initiative of the Universe was caused by a highly compressed and  extremely hot state. He called it as the primeval atom.

Scientists feel that the original state of our universe was in the form of a primeval atom presumably occurred between 15 and 19 billion years and the universe is expanding ever since. The astronomers now feel that the age of the universe is about 12.7 billion years with a plus margin of about 500 million years.

Fridemann and Hubble supported the theory by giving their views that the universe is expanding under the Big Bang theory along with the space.

Astronomers further feel that our Solar System looks to be located in the midst of the so-called Universe and they shall soon be able to detect the residual traces of the Primeval Fireball through background radiation.

In 1946 George Gamow analyzed the theoretical framework of the Big Bang. He placed the present temperature of the universe near about 5 degree Kelvin.

Wien's Displacement Law revised the radiation curve and put the temperature at 2.76 degree Kelvin.

In 1965 the first background radiation was discovered by Arno A. Penzias and Robert W. Wilson of Bell Laboratories. They confirmed that the radiation of the Primeval Fireball is still surviving and the time of the origin of the universe could be traced.

Scientists claim that at the initial stage of Big Bang, nothing was in existence, either matter, or atom, or space, or dark, or energy, or gas, or power of any nature or kind.

However, the scientists believe there was only primeval atom, that too was born out of the pure radiation within a few minutes of the explosion of the so-called Big Bang.

In short, the theory of Big Bang has great flaws. It says that there was nothing in existence at the time of Big Bang. All of a sudden a Primeval Fireball occurred and it created mean temperature/radiation of the Universe to trillions of degrees Celsius and its approximate radiation was 10³⁰ K.

They say that before 10^-43 seconds of its explosion, the Mean Temperature/Radiation of the Universe was 10³⁰ K and they claim that the space was created marginally.

After 10^-43 seconds (Planck time) the mean temperature/radiation was 10³⁰ K. That resulted into terrible collisions between the Gamma Rays, and they produced particles and anti-particles.

Exactly at 10^-35 seconds, it was probably an inflationary period when space expanded at an unimaginable rate.

After about one second, the Mean Temperature/Radiation was approximately 6x10⁹ K. They further claim that in that process the energy of Gamma Rays might have fallen lesser than a particular rate so as to create particles and anti-particles.

They further assert that at about 3 minutes, the Gamma Rays might have become weaker and so could not stop protons and neutrons combining to form the nuclei of helium and deuterium (Heavy Hydrogen).

After one million years, Mean Temperature/Radiation according to them was about 3000 K (2,727°C/4940.6°F). They further assert that the electrons and nuclei might have lost their energy to overcome the electromagnetic force between them and they might have started to form atoms. In this way, they claim that the space became transparent to the radiation.

The scientific calculation says that it takes about 300,000 years for space to cool down to enable electrons to combine with the nuclei of the subatomic particles to form the first atoms. The scientific calculation further claims that it takes about 1,000,000,000 years to create enough helium and hydrogen atoms to clump together to form the first cosmic bodies or the entire galaxies.

According to them, after about 500 million years, the galaxies started their formations followed by other stages like forming the cluster of stars, Sun, planets and their satellites including the Earth and we are the result," Dr. Raj Baldev said.

Continued in Series II.